PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.